Interval scale:this scale provides ranking and assurance that differences between scale values are equal. Measuring temperature is a prime example.
Ratio scale:these represent the strongest level of measurement. In addition to providing ranking and equal differences between scale values, ratio scales have a true zero point as the origin. Money is a good example.
d: Define and interpret a frequency distributions.
A frequency distribution is agrouping of raw data into categories (called classes) so that the number of observations in each of the nonoverlapping classes can be seen and tallied. The purpose of constructing a frequency distribution is to group raw data into a useable visual framework for analysis and presentation.
e: Define, calculate, and interpret a holding period return.
Holding period return (HPR) measures the total return for holding an investment over a certain period of time, and can be calculated using the following formula:
HPR = Pt- Pt - 1+ Dt/ Pt- 1